This optional rule tracks how the weight of equipment affects a character’s capabilities.
If you carry weight in excess of 5 times your Strength score, you’re encumbered, reducing your Speed by 10 feet.
If you carry weight in excess of 10 times your Strength score, up to your maximum carrying capacity, you’re instead heavily encumbered, reducing your Speed by 20 feet and giving Disadvantage on ability checks, attack rolls, and saving throws that use Strength, Dexterity, or Constitution.